Make sure your milk is at room temperature to prevent lumps when adding it to the roux. Use freshly shredded sharp cheddar cheese rather than pre-shredded for better melting and flavor. Don’t overcook the pasta; al dente is best to avoid mushiness once combined with the cheese sauce. Stir the sauce constantly when adding milk and cheese to ensure a smooth, lump-free sauce. If the sauce gets too thick, add a splash more milk to reach your desired consistency. For extra creaminess, you can add a little cream cheese or sour cream when melting the cheese. Variations include adding a spicy kick with cayenne pepper or hot sauce, crunchy breadcrumb topping baked in the oven, protein boosts like cooked chicken or turkey bacon, vegetable add-ins such as broccoli or peas, and experimenting with different cheeses like gouda or mozzarella.