Preheat the oven to 375°F (190°C).
Heat the large ovenproof skillet or Dutch oven over medium heat and add 2 tablespoons olive oil.
Add the chopped zucchini, finely chopped mushrooms, and chopped red pepper; season with salt and pepper and cook about 3 minutes until lightly caramelized.
Add the minced garlic and cook 1 minute more.
Stir in the jar of pasta sauce, 1 cup milk, and a pinch of crushed red pepper flakes.
Add the drained sun-dried tomatoes, rinsed green lentils, and 1/4 cup water; stir to combine.
Break each no‑boil lasagna noodle into 2–3 pieces and stir them into the sauce, pressing pieces to submerge; simmer, stirring occasionally, until noodles are al dente and lentils are tender, about 15 minutes, adding water as needed if the sauce becomes too thick.
Stir in the fresh spinach and fresh basil until wilted into the sauce, then remove the skillet from the heat.
Top the sauce evenly with sliced mozzarella, shredded provolone, and grated Parmesan.
Place the skillet on a baking sheet and bake in the preheated oven for 10 minutes, until the cheese is melted and bubbly.
Remove from the oven and let rest 5 minutes before serving; serve with pesto and extra Parmesan if desired.