In a large mixing bowl, combine 2 cups of all-purpose flour, 1/4 cup granulated sugar, 1 packet instant yeast, and 1/2 teaspoon salt.
Warm 1/2 cup whole milk until lukewarm (about 110°F/43°C) and stir in melted 1/4 cup unsalted butter, 1 large egg, and 1 teaspoon vanilla extract.
Pour the wet ingredients into the dry mix and stir until a rough dough forms.
Knead the dough on a floured surface for about 8 minutes until smooth and elastic, or use a stand mixer with a dough hook for about 5 minutes.
Place the dough in a lightly greased bowl, cover with a clean kitchen towel or plastic wrap, and let it rise in a warm spot for 1 to 1.5 hours, or until doubled in size.
While the dough is rising, mix 1/4 cup softened unsalted butter, 1/4 cup brown sugar, 1/2 cup maple syrup, and 1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon in a small bowl until well combined.
Chop 1 cup pecans and set aside.
Punch down the risen dough and roll it out into a 12x8-inch rectangle on a floured surface.
Spread the maple cinnamon butter mixture evenly over the dough, then sprinkle the chopped pecans on top.
Starting from the long edge, tightly roll the dough into a log.
Using a sharp knife or unflavored dental floss, slice the log into 9 equal rolls.
Arrange the rolls close together in a greased 9-inch baking pan.
Cover the pan with a kitchen towel and let the rolls rise for another 30 to 45 minutes until puffed up.
Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Bake the sticky buns for 25 to 30 minutes or until golden brown and cooked through. Tent with foil if tops brown too quickly.
Once out of the oven, immediately drizzle 1/4 cup caramel sauce generously over the warm buns.
Let the sticky buns cool slightly before serving so the caramel thickens to a sticky but not runny glaze.