Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Grease your loaf or cake pan and lightly dust it with flour or line it with parchment paper to prevent sticking.
In a large mixing bowl, whisk together 1 ½ cups all-purpose flour, ¾ cup granulated sugar, 2 teaspoons baking powder, and a pinch of salt if using. Stir in 1 tablespoon of freshly grated lemon zest to infuse the dry mixture with citrus oil.
In a separate bowl, beat 1 large egg until frothy. Add ½ cup buttermilk, 1 cup sour cream (or Greek yogurt), ½ cup fresh lemon juice, 3 tablespoons canola or vegetable oil, and 2 teaspoons lemon extract (or vanilla extract). Whisk everything until well combined and smooth.
Pour the wet ingredients into the bowl with the dry ingredients. Gently fold with a spatula until just combined. Be careful not to overmix to keep your cake tender.
Pour the batter into your prepared pan and smooth the top. Bake in the oven for 50-60 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean. Ovens may vary, so start checking at 50 minutes.
Remove the cake from the oven and let it cool in the pan for about 15 minutes. Then transfer it to a cooling rack to cool completely. This step is crucial to prevent the glaze from melting off.
In a bowl, whisk together 2 cups confectioners sugar with ½ cup lemon juice, adjusting the amount until you reach a drizzleable consistency. Stir in 1 tablespoon lemon zest for extra zing.
Once the cake is completely cool, drizzle the lemon glaze generously over the top. Allow the glaze to set for at least 30 minutes before slicing and serving.