Prep and assemble all ingredients so they are ready to use.
In a small bowl, whisk 1 teaspoon cornstarch with 1 tablespoon soy sauce until dissolved, then stir in the remaining 2 tablespoons soy sauce; set aside.
Place the chicken in a medium-large bowl; sprinkle the flour and 1/4 teaspoon salt over the chicken and toss until evenly coated (skip the flour if not using).
Heat a 12-inch skillet over medium-high and add 1 tablespoon olive oil; when shimmering, add the chicken in a single layer and cook undisturbed for 3 minutes.
Stir the chicken and continue cooking until the outside is no longer pink, about 2–3 more minutes.
Reduce heat to medium and push the chicken to one side of the skillet. In the empty space, add the butter, then add the garlic, grated ginger, and a pinch of red pepper flakes; cook until fragrant and garlic is lightly golden, about 30 seconds to 1 minute.
Stir the reserved soy-cornstarch mixture to re-mix any settled cornstarch, then add it to the skillet along with the honey and white vinegar.
Stir to combine, bring to a simmer, and cook until the sauce is thickened and the chicken is cooked through, about 6–8 minutes (the sauce should take several seconds to flow back when you swipe the pan).
Taste and add salt if needed, then serve immediately over rice if desired.