Preheat the oven to 450°F (230°C).
Remove any organs from the chicken cavity and discard them. Pat the chicken dry inside and out with paper towels and remove any stray feathers.
Season the chicken generously with salt and pepper, rubbing it over the skin and inside the cavity.
Trim or tuck the wing tips so they won’t burn. If you prefer, truss the bird with kitchen twine to hold the legs and wings close to the body.
Place the chicken breast-side up in a roasting pan or baking dish with the tail end toward the bottom of the pan.
Roast in the preheated oven for 40–90 minutes depending on size (about 1 hour for a 4-pound chicken). Begin checking doneness around 40 minutes.
Cook until an instant-read thermometer inserted into the thickest part of the thigh reads 165°F (74°C) or the juices run clear when the thigh is pierced.
Remove the chicken from the oven and let it rest for 10 minutes before carving.
Carve and serve.