Preheat the oven to 450°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper and spray or mist a 9×13 baking dish with cooking spray or olive oil.
Place each chicken breast between two pieces of parchment or inside a zip-top bag and pound to 1/2-inch thickness with a meat mallet or rolling pin. Season both sides (original recipe referenced Stone House Seasoning; use your preferred seasoning).
Set up three shallow dishes: one with the flour, one with the beaten eggs, and one with the panko mixed with 3/4 cup grated Parmesan. Dredge each chicken breast in flour, dip into the egg, then press into the panko-Parmesan mixture to coat evenly. Place coated breasts on the prepared parchment-lined baking sheet.
Heat the olive oil in a medium skillet over medium heat until shimmering. Carefully add the breaded chicken and cook until golden brown, about 2–3 minutes per side. Transfer browned chicken to the prepared 9×13 baking dish using tongs.
Spoon about 1/4 cup marinara onto each piece of chicken, then top with slices of mozzarella and provolone and sprinkle with the remaining 1/4 cup grated Parmesan.
Bake in the preheated oven until the chicken reaches 165°F and the cheeses are melted, about 18–20 minutes. Remove from oven, sprinkle with chopped basil, and serve.