Preheat the oven to 350°F when you are ready to bake.
Line a baking sheet with parchment paper and set aside.
In a medium bowl, whisk together the all-purpose flour, unsweetened cocoa powder, baking soda, and salt. Set this dry mixture aside.
In the bowl of a stand mixer (or a large mixing bowl with a hand mixer), beat the softened unsalted butter with the granulated sugar and packed dark brown sugar until light and fluffy, about 2–3 minutes.
Add the egg, vanilla extract, and freshly grated citrus zest to the butter-sugar mixture and mix just until combined.
With the mixer on low speed, add the dry flour-cocoa mixture to the wet ingredients and mix until just combined. Do not overmix.
Using a spatula, fold the old-fashioned oats, Cheerios, and semi-sweet chocolate chips into the dough until evenly distributed.
Cover the dough and refrigerate until thoroughly chilled, about 2–3 hours or preferably overnight.
When chilled and ready to bake, use a tablespoon or a tablespoon-sized scoop to portion dough into tablespoon-sized balls. Place the dough balls on the prepared baking sheet, leaving at least 2 inches between them.
Bake for 9–11 minutes, until the edges are set. The centers may still look slightly soft.
Let the cookies cool on the baking sheet for 3 minutes, then transfer them to a cooling rack to cool completely.