Preheat the oven to 325°F (163°C). Spray a 9- or 10-inch springform pan with nonstick cooking spray and set it aside.
In a medium bowl, combine 1 ½ cups graham cracker crumbs, ¼ cup granulated sugar, ¼ cup melted butter, and a pinch of salt. Stir until the mixture resembles damp sand.
Press the crumb mixture evenly into the bottom of the prepared springform pan using the bottom of a flat glass or measuring cup. Bake the crust for 10 minutes. Remove from the oven and let the crust cool to room temperature.
Reduce mixer speed to medium-high and place 4 (8-ounce) packages cream cheese (room temperature) in a large bowl. Beat for about 1 minute until smooth. Scrape down the sides and bottom of the bowl and beat for an additional 10–15 seconds.
Add 1 ½ cups granulated sugar to the cream cheese and mix on medium speed until just combined. Scrape the bowl again.
Add 8 ounces sour cream and 1 tablespoon vanilla bean paste (or scrape the seeds from 3–4 large vanilla beans and add the seeds). Beat on low to medium speed until just combined and smooth.
With the mixer on medium-low, add 5 large eggs one at a time, mixing each egg about 30 seconds until incorporated. Scrape the bowl well after adding all eggs. The batter should be smooth and pourable.
Place the cooled crust on a sheet or work surface you can transfer. Prepare a water bath: wrap the outside of the springform pan with 3–4 sheets of 18-inch heavy-duty aluminum foil, crumpling the foil up around the outside of the top rim to seal. (If you only have regular foil, use additional sheets to create a secure water barrier.)
Put the foil-wrapped springform pan inside a deep roasting pan (or a baking sheet with sides about 2 inches deep). Pour the cheesecake batter into the springform pan and smooth the top.
Carefully pour hot (not boiling) water into the roasting pan until the water reaches about halfway up the side of the springform pan.
Place the roasting pan on a rack in the lower third of the preheated oven. Bake at 325°F for 1 to 1 ½ hours. Begin checking at 1 hour: the cheesecake is done when the edges are set and the center has a slight wobble (it should not be liquid). If it is still very liquid, continue baking and check every 10–15 minutes.
When the cheesecake shows set edges with a slightly wobbly center, turn the oven off and leave the cheesecake inside with the oven door closed for 1 hour to cool slowly and help prevent cracks.
After the hour, remove the roasting pan from the oven. Carefully lift the springform pan out of the water bath, unwrap and remove the foil, and discard the foil.
Refrigerate the cheesecake (still in the springform pan) for at least 6 hours, or until fully chilled and set.
Before serving, run a thin knife around the inside edge of the springform pan to loosen the cake and remove the springform ring.
Sprinkle 2 tablespoons granulated sugar evenly over the top of the chilled cheesecake (use up to 3 tablespoons if you prefer a thicker sugar layer).
Use a small kitchen torch to caramelize the sugar until it forms a deep golden-brown, even crust across the top. If you do not have a torch, proceed with care using broiler method only if desired and confident—this recipe assumes a torch for best control.
Return the cheesecake to the refrigerator for 10–15 minutes to let the caramelized sugar harden. Slice with a sharp knife and serve.