If using homemade dough, prepare it and complete the second rise; if using store-bought dough, let it come to room temperature while you prepare toppings. Shape the dough into a 12-inch round and brush lightly with olive oil; sprinkle lightly with garlic salt and prick several times with a fork.
In a small bowl, whisk together smoked paprika, chili powder, onion powder, garlic powder, salt, and chipotle chili powder.
Pat the chicken pieces dry, then toss them with the spice mixture until evenly coated.
Heat 2 tablespoons olive oil in a heavy-bottom skillet over medium-high heat. Add the chicken and cook, stirring occasionally, until cooked through and no longer pink, about 6–8 minutes.
Remove the skillet from the heat and stir in 3 tablespoons of the BBQ sauce to coat the cooked chicken; set aside.
Preheat the oven to 475°F (245°C). If using a pizza stone, preheat it as well.
Evenly spread 1/3 cup BBQ sauce over the shaped, uncooked dough, leaving a small border for the crust.
Arrange the BBQ-coated chicken over the sauce, then sprinkle the shredded mozzarella and smoked Gouda evenly on top. Scatter the thinly sliced red onion over the cheese.
Bake the pizza in the preheated oven for 12–15 minutes, until the crust is golden and the cheese is bubbly.
Remove the pizza from the oven, garnish with chopped cilantro if desired, slice with a pizza cutter, and serve immediately.